Understanding uterine fibroids (myomas): When cycles change

Last updated: 19 Dec. 2025
Reviewed by: Specialist doctors from the Elfcare quality team

Have you noticed heavier periods, pelvic pressure, or frequent urination that seems unrelated to infection? These symptoms can sometimes be due to uterine fibroids – non-cancerous growths in the uterus that are more common than many realise.

Fibroids, also called myomas, develop from the muscle tissue of the uterus. They are usually benign and often discovered during routine exams or ultrasounds. While many women never experience symptoms, some notice changes in their menstrual flow or pelvic comfort that deserve attention.

Elfcare’s preventive philosophy focuses on awareness and helping you understand your body’s hormonal and reproductive balance early, so you can take confident steps toward lasting well-being.

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What are uterine fibroids?

Uterine fibroids are smooth muscle growths that form within or around the uterus. They can vary in size– from tiny nodules to larger masses that change the shape of the uterus – and may appear singly or in clusters.

There are several types based on location:

  • Intramural fibroids: grow within the uterine wall (most common).

  • Subserosal fibroids: project outward from the uterine surface.

  • Submucosal fibroids: grow into the inner cavity of the uterus, sometimes affecting bleeding patterns.

Fibroids are influenced by hormones, especially oestrogen and progesterone, and often shrink after menopause when these hormone levels drop.

Symptoms of uterine fibroids

Many fibroids cause no symptoms, but when they do, they may include:

  • Heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding

  • Pelvic pain or pressure

  • Frequent urination or difficulty emptying the bladder

  • Constipation or bloating

  • Back or leg discomfort

  • Anaemia or fatigue from chronic blood loss

  • Fertility challenges or pregnancy complications (in some cases)

Because symptoms vary based on size and location, routine monitoring and hormone balance checks are key to understanding what’s happening inside your body.

What causes uterine fibroids?

The exact cause of fibroids is not fully known, but several factors contribute to their development:

  • Hormonal influence: oestrogen and progesterone stimulate fibroid growth.

  • Genetic predisposition: family history increases likelihood.

  • Age and reproductive factors: most common in women between 30–50 years.

  • Metabolic and lifestyle influences: obesity, high blood pressure, and diet patterns may play a role.

  • Inflammation and oxidative stress: can contribute to tissue growth imbalance.

While fibroids cannot always be prevented, awareness of risk factors and early testing helps manage their effects and maintain hormonal stability.

How do you detect uterine fibroids?

Fibroids are often discovered during a pelvic exam or ultrasound. When needed, MRI scans provide detailed mapping of size and location. Blood tests can also help detect related hormonal or metabolic imbalances that influence their growth.

Key biomarkers include:

  • Oestradiol and progesterone: show hormonal balance influencing fibroid activity.

  • LH and FSH: evaluate reproductive hormone rhythm.

  • CRP (C-reactive protein): indicates systemic inflammation.

  • Haemoglobin and ferritin: check for anaemia due to heavy bleeding.

  • Vitamin D: low levels have been linked to increased fibroid risk.

  • Thyroid function tests: as thyroid imbalance can affect menstrual flow.

Elfcare’s tests measure hormone, inflammation, and nutrient markers to help you understand your cycle and detect early imbalances that may contribute to fibroid growth.

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Why early detection matters

Fibroids grow slowly and often remain harmless. However, when symptoms appear, early detection allows you to:

  • Manage heavy bleeding and prevent anaemia

  • Monitor hormone patterns and identify triggers

  • Choose lifestyle adjustments that support balance

  • Discuss non-surgical management options with your doctor

Most fibroids can be managed effectively through awareness, regular testing, and proactive self-care.

Elfcare’s preventive health checks include key biomarkers linked to hormonal balance, inflammation, and iron status. Tracking these markers over time helps you recognise subtle shifts in reproductive health and maintain control over your well-being.

Elfcare’s goal is awareness not diagnosis, and empowering you with knowledge and early insights so you can discuss results confidently with your healthcare provider.

Wondering if your symptoms could be hormonal or structural? Elfcare’s blood tests give you a clearer view of your reproductive health, helping you act early and maintain balance.

How Elfcare can help

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Summary

Uterine fibroids are common and usually manageable. Understanding your hormone patterns, tracking inflammation, and testing regularly can help you detect changes early and maintain comfort through every life stage.

When you understand your body, you can make choices that support your balance, comfort, and long-term reproductive health.

Last updated: 19 Dec. 2025
Reviewed by: Specialist doctors from the quality team at Elfcare

FAQs

What are uterine fibroids?

Uterine fibroids, also called myomas, are noncancerous growths that develop in or around the uterus. They are common during reproductive years and vary in size, number, and location. Many fibroids grow slowly and may not cause symptoms.

What are the most common symptoms of fibroids?

Symptoms may include heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding, pelvic pressure or pain, frequent urination, and lower back discomfort. Some women also experience fertility challenges, while others have no symptoms at all.

How are uterine fibroids diagnosed?

Fibroids are diagnosed through pelvic examinations and imaging tests such as ultrasound or MRI. Diagnosis depends on symptoms, physical findings, and individual health considerations.

Can fibroids be treated or prevented?

Yes. Treatment ranges from monitoring to medications or procedures, depending on symptom severity. Many women find relief with personalized treatment plans and lifestyle support.